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Background and aim
Experience of stigma towards methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) may be a barrier to the use of this treatment by people with opioid use disorder. We evaluated the factor structure, internal reliability, construct and criterion validity of a theory‐based stigma measure, the Methadone Maintenance Treatment Stigma Mechanisms Scale (MMT‐SMS) and compared this with the Substance...
Background and aims
Extended‐release formulations of naltrexone have emerged as effective treatment options for opioid use disorder. This post‐hoc analysis examined the temporal relationship between episodes of opioid use and subsequent dropout in a placebo‐controlled trial of extended‐release injection naltrexone (XR‐NTX) to draw inferences about the mechanism by which extended blockade of opioid...
Background and aims
Behavioural support increases smoking cessation in clinical settings, but effect sizes differ among providers, due possibly to variations in delivery. This study evaluates a measure (‘fidelity index’) intended to capture fidelity to delivery of content‐ and interaction‐based items of a behavioural support (BS) for smoking cessation and the association of fidelity with quit rates...
Aims
To characterize the trajectory in the years leading up to 2018 in pharmaceutical opioid and heroin morbidity in Victoria, Australia, and to assess the effect on that trajectory of reformulation of oxycodone to a form that could not be easily snorted or injected.
Design
Interrupted time–series analyses of population‐level data before versus after reformulation of oxycodone, stratified by sex...
Background and Aims
Youth alcohol consumption has declined significantly during the past 15 years in many high‐income countries, which may have significant public health benefits. However, if the reductions in drinking occur mainly among lighter drinkers who are at lower risk, then rates of alcohol‐related harm among young people today and adults in future may not fall in line with consumption. There...
Aims
To quantify associations between the success of smoking quit attempts and factors that have varied throughout 2007–2018 at a population level.
Design
time series analysis using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with Exogeneous Input (ARIMAX) modelling.
Setting and Participants
Data were aggregated from 54 847 past‐year smokers taking part in the Smoking Toolkit Study which involves...
Background and Aims
Due to their small sample sizes, geographic specificity and limited examination of socio‐demographic characteristics, recent studies of methamphetamine use among people using heroin in the United States are limited in their ability to identify national and regional trends and to characterize populations at risk for using heroin and methamphetamine. This study aimed to examine...
Background and Aims
There is a growing literature using event‐level methods to estimate associations between contextual characteristics of drinking occasions, consumption levels and acute harms. This literature spans many research traditions and has not been brought together as a whole. This mapping review aimed to identify and describe the theoretical approaches to conceptualizing drinking occasions,...
Background and Aims
The associations between low educational attainment and substance use disorders (SUDs) may be related to a common genetic vulnerability. We aimed to elucidate the associations between polygenic scores for educational attainment and clinical criterion counts for three SUDs (alcohol, nicotine and cannabis).
Design
Polygenic association and sibling comparison methods. The latter...
Background and Aims
Opioid‐related overdose is increasingly linked to pregnancy‐associated deaths, but factors associated with postpartum overdose are unknown. We aimed to estimate the strength of the association between maternal and infant characteristics and postpartum opioid‐related overdose.
Design
Retrospective cohort study using a linked, population‐level data set.
Setting
Massachusetts,...
Background and aims
Little is known about how cannabis use over the life‐course relates to harms in adulthood. The present study aimed to identify trajectories of cannabis use from adolescence to adulthood and examine both the predictors of these trajectories and adverse adult outcomes associated with those trajectories.
Design
A latent trajectory analysis of a longitudinal birth cohort (from birth...
Aims
To assess whether parental substance use disorder (SUD) is associated with lower cognitive ability in offspring, and whether the association is independent of shared genetic factors.
Design
A population family‐based cohort study utilizing national Swedish registries. Linear regression with increased adjustment of covariates was performed in the full population. In addition, the mechanism of...
Background and aims
The Psychoactive Surveillance Consortium and Analysis Network (PSCAN) is a national network of academic emergency departments (ED), analytical toxicologists and pharmacologists that collects clinical data paired with biological samples to identify and improve treatments of medical conditions arising from use of new psychoactive substances (NPS). The aim of this study was to gather...
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